03983《汽车专业英语》课程复习指导书
国家开放大学汽车学院
汽车运用与维修技术专业、汽车营销与服务专业 （专科）辅助教材
汽车专业英语
复习指导书
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复习指导是辅助学生很好完成学习任务，巩固学习成果的重要组成部分。《复习指导书》是根据课程教学大纲和课程考核说明，以复习题的形式，按掌握、理解、了解三个层次，系统罗列学生在本课程所学的知识，学生在完成复习题的过程中，得以对所学课程的内容归纳吸收，对课程终结性考试具有重要作用。
通过学生完成复习指导书中要求的任务，学生可以达到以下目的：
1.加深学生对所学内容的印象，巩固学生的学习成果。
2.帮助学生及时发现学习中的薄弱环节，并采取措施改进。
3.学以致用，提高学生综合分析问题，解决问题的能力。
4.有利于提高终结性考试成绩。
通过学生完成形复习指导书中要求的任务，教师可以达到以下目的：
1.了解学生的学习态度。
2.了解学生学习中存在的问题，及时反馈学习信息、有针对性地进行指导。
4.分析并帮助学生提高学习能力，学会学习。
5.指导学生参加终结性考试。
目 录
TOC o "1-3" h z u 第一章 Overview of Automobile. PAGEREF _Toc493076658 h 4
一、掌握... PAGEREF _Toc493076659 h 4
二、理解... PAGEREF _Toc493076660 h 4
第二章 Internal Combustion Engine. PAGEREF _Toc493076661 h 4
一、掌握... PAGEREF _Toc493076662 h 4
二、理解... PAGEREF _Toc493076663 h 5
三、了解... PAGEREF _Toc493076664 h 5
第三章 Drive Train System.. PAGEREF _Toc493076665 h 5
一、掌握... PAGEREF _Toc493076666 h 5
二、理解... PAGEREF _Toc493076667 h 5
第四章 Running System.. PAGEREF _Toc493076668 h 6
一、掌握... PAGEREF _Toc493076669 h 6
二、理解... PAGEREF _Toc493076670 h 6
第五章 Steering and Braking System.. PAGEREF _Toc493076671 h 6
一、掌握... PAGEREF _Toc493076672 h 6
二、理解... PAGEREF _Toc493076673 h 6
三、了解... PAGEREF _Toc493076674 h 6
第六章 Electrical and Electronic Systems PAGEREF _Toc493076675 h 6
一、掌握... PAGEREF _Toc493076676 h 7
二、理解... PAGEREF _Toc493076677 h 7
三、了解... PAGEREF _Toc493076678 h 7
复习题... PAGEREF _Toc493076679 h 8
一、单项选择题... PAGEREF _Toc493076680 h 8
二、判断题... PAGEREF _Toc493076681 h 13
三、词汇翻译... PAGEREF _Toc493076682 h 15
四、句子翻译... PAGEREF _Toc493076683 h 17
五、识图题... PAGEREF _Toc493076684 h 19
复习题参考答案... PAGEREF _Toc493076685 h 24
汽车专业英语学习辅导
“汽车专业英语”是国家开放大学汽车运用与维修技术专业、汽车营销与服务专业（助力计划专科、开放教育专业）的专业统设选修课，共6章内容。同学们学习时应抓住重点，围绕基本概念和基本方法进行学习，下面对逐个章节指出重点，希望能对大家的学习提供一定的帮助。
第一章 Overview of Automobile
本章分为两节。第一节概述了组成车辆的四个主要系统。第二节简要介绍了几种清洁能源汽车及其优点和缺点。具体要求如下：
一、掌握
1. 有关构成汽车的基本系统的英文表达。
二、理解
1. 有关各个系统的功能的英文表达，；
2. 有关清洁能源汽车的类型及其优缺点的英文表达。
第二章 Internal Combustion Engine
本章分为六节。第一节讲解了冲程、TDC 和BDC 的定义，以及4 冲程发动机的工作原理和点火顺序。第二节讲解了发动机的构造和功能，概述了发动机调整和测试。第三节讲解了发动机润滑系统的功能和结构，以及发动机润滑系统的故障诊断和保养。第四节讲解了发动机冷却系统的功能和构造，以及维修与保养。第五节讲解了燃油系统的常用部件，以及几种不同类型的燃油喷射系统。第六节讲解了排气和排气控制系统的主要部件，以及各种排气控制系统。具体要求如下：
一、掌握
1. 有关四冲程工作原理的英文表达；
2. 有关发动机主要零件的英文表达；
3. 有关发动机润滑系统的功能和主要部件的英文表达；
4. 有关发动机冷却系统的功能和主要部件的英文表达；
5. 有关燃油系统的功能和主要部件的英文表达；
6. 有关发动机排气系统的功能和主要部件的英文表达。
二、理解
1. 有关点火顺序的英文表达；
2 有关各种燃油喷射系统的构成的英文表达；
3. 有关各种排放控制系统的工作原理的英文表达。
三、了解
1. 有关发动机测试和诊断的英文表达；
2. 有关发动机润滑系统的故障诊断和保养的英文表达；
3. 有关发动机冷却系统的维修和保养的英文表达；
4. 有关废气构成的英文表达。
第三章 Drive Train System
本章分为四节。第一节讲解了离合器的基本部件和操作，以及五种常见的离合器故障。第二节讲解了手动变速器的结构和操作、自动变速器的主要零件和类型，并且介绍了变速驱动桥。第三节讲解了驱动轴和万向节的功能和结构，还介绍了驱动轴噪音和检查以及万向节的类型和保养。第四节概述了主减速器，并讲解了差速器的结构和操作。具体要求如下：
一、掌握
1. 有关离合器的结构与操作的英文表达；
2. 有关变速器的结构与操作的英文表达；
3. 有关驱动轴的功能和结构以及噪音与检查的英文表达；
4. 有关主减速器和差速器的结构和操作的英文表达。
二、理解
1. 有关离合器的故障诊断的英文表达；
2. 有关变速驱动桥的结构与操作的英文表达；
3. 有关万向节的结构、类型和保养的英文表达；
4. 有关限滑差速器的工作原理的英文表达。
第四章 Running System
本章分为三节。第一节讲解了车架和车身的定义以及类型。第二节讲解了悬架的功能和类型。第三节讲解了轮胎的结构和类型，以及轮胎和车轮的维修与保养。具体要求如下：
一、掌握
1. 有关不同车架和车身类型的英文表达；
2. 有关悬架的功能和类型的英文表达；
3. 有关轮胎与车轮的结构和类型的英文表达。
二、理解
1. 有关底盘与车身的区别的英文表达；
2. 有关轮胎和车轮的维修与保养的英文表达。
第五章 Steering and Braking System
本章分为两节。第一节讲解了转向系统的功能、部件和类型，概述了转向系统的维修与保养。第二节讲解了制动系统的功能、部件和类型，概述了制动系统的维修与保养。具体要求如下：
一、掌握
1. 有关转向系统的功能和部件的英文表达；
2. 有关制动系统的功能和部件的英文表达。
二、理解
1. 有关不同转向系统的英文表达；
2. 有关不同制动系统的英文表达。
三、了解
1. 有关转向系统的维修与保养的英文表达；
2. 有关制动系统的维修与保养的英文表达。
第六章 Electrical and Electronic Systems
本章分为六节。第一节讲解了三个电气术语以及欧姆定律。然后介绍了基本电路的结构和电路类型。第二节讲解了充电和起动系统的功能、部件和操作以及这两个系统的诊断和测试。第三节讲解了点火系统的功能、部件和类型，然后介绍了点火系统的维修。第四节讲解了基本空调系统的部件和操作以及诊断和维修。第五节概述了安全、安全防盗和舒适系统，讲解了电动座椅和安全气囊的部件以及操作。第六节介绍了驾驶员辅助系统。具体要求如下：
一、掌握
1. 有关电路的英文表达；
2. 有关充电和起动系统的功能、部件和操作的英文表达；
3. 有关点火系统的功能和部件的英文表达；
4. 有关基本空调系统的部件和操作的英文表达。
二、理解
1. 有关基本电气原理的英文表达；
2. 有关不同的点火系统类型的英文表达；
3. 有关电动座椅和安全气囊的部件和操作的英文表达；
4. 不同驾驶员辅助系统的英文名称。
三、了解
1. 有关充电和起动系统的诊断和测试的英文表达；
2. 有关点火系统的维修的英文表达；
3. 有关空调系统的诊断和维修的英文表达；
4. 有关安全、安全防盗和舒适系统的概述的英文表达；
5. 有关驾驶员辅助系统操作的英文表达。
复习题
一、单项选择题
1. Which one is the meaning of the phrase “steering system”? ( )
A. 转向系统 B. 电气系统 C. 悬架系统 D. 制动系统
2. Which one is the meaning of the phrase “electrical system”? ( )
A. 转向系统 B. 电气系统 C. 悬架系统 D. 制动系统
3. Which one is the meaning of the phrase “suspension system”? ( )
A. 转向系统 B. 电气系统 C. 悬架系统 D. 制动系统
4. Which one is the meaning of the phrase “brake system”? ( )
A. 转向系统 B. 电气系统 C. 悬架系统 D. 制动系统
5. Which one is the meaning of the phrase “ignition system”? ( )
A. 转向系统 B. 电气系统 C. 悬架系统 D. 点火系统
6. Which one is the meaning of the phrase “exhaust system”? ( )
A. 转向系统 B. 电气系统 C. 排气系统 D. 点火系统
7. There are thousands of individual ________ in a vehicle. ( )
A. engine B. chassis C. body D. parts
8. Drive train system ______ the parts from the back of the flywheel to the wheels. ( )
A. is B. causes C. called D. consists of
9. Hybrid electric vehicles use both an electric motor and an engine to ______ the vehicle. ( )
A. is B. cause C. power D. consists of
10. The movement of a piston from its lowest point to its highest point of travel is called a ________. ( )
A. stroke B. way C. loop D. circuit
11. The highest point of piston travel in the cylinder is called _______. ( )
A. TDC B. BDC C. ABS D. EPS
12. The fuel pressure regulator controls the amount of pressure entering the _____. ( )
A. injectors B. oil pan C. power D. crankshaft
13. Valves that control the intake of the air-fuel mixture are called "_________". ( )
A. intake valves B. exhaust system C. injectors D. fuel pump
14. The ________ helps to remove impurities from the oil. ( )
A. intake valves B. exhaust system C. oil filter D. fuel pump
15. In the cooling system, the _______ is a heat exchanger that removes the heat from the coolant passing through it. ( )
A. intake valves B. radiator C. oil filter D. fuel pump
16. A ________ draws the fuel from the tank to the engine’s injection system. ( )
A. fuel pressure regulator B. radiator C. oil filter D. fuel pump
17. The ___________ controls the amount of pressure entering the injectors. ( )
A. fuel pressure regulator B. radiator C. oil filter D. fuel pump
18. The ___________ monitors the exhaust gases for oxygen content. ( )
A. fuel pressure regulator B. radiator C. oil filter D. oxygen sensor
19. The ________ prevents vapors from the fuel tank from entering the atmosphere. ( )
A. oil filter B. fuel evaporization control system C. fuel filter D. oxygen sensor
20. The function of the _____ system is the reduction of nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas. ( )
A. HC B. CO C. NOx D. SCR
21. Automatic transmissions use of a ________ instead of a clutch. ( )
A. engine B. chassis C. body D. torque converter
22. A _________ is that part of a power transmission system between the drive shaft and the differential. ( )
A. engine B. final drive C. body D. torque converter
23. The clutch is located between the back of the engine and the front of the _____. ( )
A. engine B. transmission C. body D. torque converter
24. The continuously variable transmission (CVT) relies on a _____ system that allows for an infinite range of gear ratios. ( )
A. engine B. transmission C. pulley D. torque converter
25. The purpose of the _________ is to provide the final stage of gear reduction to decrease RPM and increase rotational torque. ( )
A. final drive B. propeller shaft C. pulley D. torque converter
26. The _______ allows for different speeds at the drive wheels when a vehicle goes around a corner. ( )
A. final drive B. propeller shaft C. differential D. torque converter
27. Suspension connects the car ______ to the wheels. ( )
A. engine B. chassis C. body D. parts
28. The two types of tires on late model vehicles are bias-ply tires and _______ tires. ( )
A. radial B. old C. road D. tubeless
29. ________ is the most common type of configuration used to build small and medium passenger cars. ( )
A. body-over-frame B. monocoque
C. body-on-frame D. separate frame and body
30. _____ are often equipped with four-wheel-drive systems and have a tall body design. ( )
A. convertible B. engine C. sedan D. Sport-utility vehicles
31. A ________ is used to determine which part of a wheel assembly is heavy. ( )
A. convertible B. engine C. sedan D. wheel-balancing machine
32. The ______ suspension uses several links, as opposed to the double wishbone. ( )
A. dual link strut type B. convertible C. sedan D. multi-link
33. The steering system allows the ________ to guide the vehicle along the road and turn left or right as desired. ( )
A. engine B. chassis C. body D. driver
34. Electronic power steering systems use an __________ or motors instead of hydraulics to drive the steering mechanism. ( )
A. body B. engine C. electric motor D. chassis
35. The function of the ______ is to reduce vehicle speed and to stop the car. ( )
A. body B. engine C. brake D. chassis
36. The ______ is a device, which prevents that the wheels of a vehicle lock. ( )
A. ABS B. ACC C. ABA D. ABB
37. Hydraulic power steering systems incorporate a __________ that’s connected to the engine by a belt wrapped around a pulley. ( )
A. body B. engine C. brake D. power-steering pump
38. Protection devices interrupt the current path if too __________ current flows. ( )
A. no B. little C. less D. much
39. In automotive circuits, the source is typically the __________. ( )
A. battery B. evaporator C. engine D. brake
40. A parallel circuit has _______ path for current flow. ( )
A. one B. no C. more than one D. zero
41. The charging system then _________ electricity for the vehicle's electrical systems. ( )
A. receives B. changes C. locates D. generates
42. The _______ sends current to the starter when the driver turns the ignition switch to start. ( )
A. battery B. evaporator C. engine D. brake
43. The ________ changes battery voltage to high ignition voltage. ( )
A. battery B. evaporator C. engine D. ignition coil
44. The ______ circuit of the ignition circuit includes all of the components and wiring operating on low voltage. ( )
A. battery B. evaporator C. primary D. secondary
45. An __________ system removes heat from the passenger compartment by absorbing it and carrying it outside, where it is released into the atmosphere. ( )
A. battery B. engine C. primary D. air conditioning
46. The ______ sensors measure how fast the vehicle is decelerating or how badly it’s crushed, if hit on the side. ( )
A. OTC B. ABS C. MAP D. crash
47. Driver Assistance Systems _____ replace the need for paying attention and driving safely. ( )
A. could B. do C. do not D. can
48. This design of connecting one side of the battery to the automobile body is called _____. ( )
A. grounding B. engine C. electric motor D. chassis
49. _______ is used for many parts of the vehicle, from the headlights to the radio, but its main function is to provide the electrical spark needed to ignite the fuel in the cylinders. ( )
A. grounding B. engine C. Electricity D. chassis
50. The lower part of the crankcase is the ______. ( )
A. oil pan B. engine C. primary D. air conditioning
51. The _________ transmission is designed to match automatically the load requirements of the vehicle to the power and speed range of the engine. ( )
A. oil pan B. automatic C. primary D. air conditioning
52. The _________ increases the mechanical advantage while changing the rotary motion of the steering wheel to linear motion. ( )
A. oil pan B. automatic C. steering gear D. air conditioning
53. The brake system must be _____ of air to function properly. ( )
A. much B. lot C. full D. free
54. Nowadays, the most ________ used in the vehicles are free-maintenance. ( )
A. oil pan B. batteries C. steering gear D. air conditioning
55. The ignition circuit is actually made of two separate circuits: the primary and _____. ( )
A. much B. secondary C. full D. free
56. The A/C system is divided into a low pressure side and a ____ pressure side. ( )
A. left B. secondary C. high D. low
57. When an impact at the front or side of the vehicle is recorded and is above a certain level, sensors cause ______ to rapidly inflate. ( )
A. airbags B. batteries C. steering gear D. air conditioning
58. A voltmeter is used in _______. ( )
A. left B. secondary C. parallel D. low
59. The ________ serves to reduce the brake operation force for the driver at the time of braking. ( )
A. airbags B. batteries C. steering gear D. brake booster
60. The piston is attached to a crankshaft _____ a connecting rod. ( )
A. are B. to C. via D. though
二、判断题
1. Electric vehicles are much quieter than internal combustion engine powered vehicles. ( )
2. The piston is attached to a crankshaft via a motor. ( )
3. Most engines consume gasoline or diesel fuel. ( )
4. HEVs are generally more complex than conventional vehicles. ( )
5. The body system starts and operates the engine, monitors and controls many aspects of the vehicle’s operation. ( )
6. The piston transfers the pressure of combustion to the connecting rod and crankshaft. ( )
7. The fuel filter helps to remove impurities from the oil. ( )
8. In the cooling system, the radiator is a heat exchanger that removes the heat from the coolant passing through it. ( )
9. Oil filters prevent water, dirt, and rust particles from entering the fuel system. ( )
10. CO is formed as a result of insufficient oxygen in the combustion mixture and combustion chamber temperatures that are too low. ( )
11. In compression stroke the compressed air-fuel mixture is ignited. ( )
12. The exhaust stroke discharges exhaust gases from the cylinder. ( )
13. The crankcase is that part of the cylinder block below the cylinders. ( )
14. Connecting rods link the crankcase to the crankshaft and convert the linear movement of the pistons to crankshaft rotary movement. ( )
15. Fuel system maintenance normally consists of changing the oil and filter(s). ( )
16. The oil pan is located beneath the cylinder block. ( )
17. The two types of radiators are the down-flow and cross-flow. ( )
18. A combustion leak test is designed to check for the presence of combustion gases in the engine coolant. ( )
19. The common rail injection is the newest high-pressure direct injection fuel delivery system used in a gasoline engine. ( )
20. The Positive Crankcase Ventilation system allows burned gases to enter the engine intake manifold to help reduce oxides of nitrogen emissions. ( )
21. The clutch lets the driver control power flow between the engine and the transmission or transaxle. ( )
22. Almost all vehicles have multiple forward gear ratios, but in most cases, only two ratios are provided for reverse. ( )
23. The continuously variable transmission uses toothed gears. ( )
24. A universal joint is also known as a U-joint. ( )
25. The limited slip differential delivers no torque to the wheel with maximum traction. ( )
26. When the driver presses the clutch pedal, the clutch release mechanism pulls or pushes on the clutch release lever or fork. ( )
27. An automotive clutch normally provides dependable service for thousands of miles. ( )
28. Manual transmission is designed to match automatically the load requirements of the vehicle to the power and speed range of the engine. ( )
29. The drive shaft is used to transmit power from the transmission to the differential. ( )
30. Constant velocity joint allows the drive shaft to transmit power at any angle without the loss of speed. ( )
31. Body-over-frame construction is used on full-size cars, vans, pickup trucks, and SUVs.( )
32. A hatchback has a vinyl or cloth top that can be raised and lowered. ( )
33. Sport-utility vehicles are often equipped with four-wheel-drive systems and have a tall body design. ( )
34. The suspension works with the steering system to help keep the wheels in correct alignment. ( )
35. Improper wheel balance is the most common cause of tire vibration. ( )
36. In case of heavy vehicles of mono construction, the chassis denotes the whole vehicle except additional fittings in the body. ( )
37. The frame is the strong metal structure that provides a mounting place for the other parts of the vehicle. ( )
38. The suspension system supports the weight of the frame, body, engine, transmission, drive train and cargo. ( )
39. Most modern passenger vehicles and light trucks use tubeless tires. ( )
40. When operating a vehicle to verify a complaint, keep in mind that other components could be at fault. ( )
41. The steering gear increases the mechanical advantage while changing the rotary motion of the steering wheel to linear motion. ( )
42. The steering linkage carries the linear motion to the steering-knuckle arms. ( )
43. The brakes used to stop a vehicle while driving are known as the parking brakes. ( )
44. Brake system bleeding is the use of fluid pressure to force air into the system. ( )
45. Many of the components of a hydraulic power steering system are the same as those used on a manual steering system. ( )
46. The manual steering system provides additional assistance to the turning effort applied to the power steering system. ( )
47. The brake booster serves to increase the brake operation force for the driver at the time of braking. ( )
48. Driver Assistance Systems can replace the need for paying attention and driving safely.( )
49. Security systems are designed to protect the vehicle in case of theft or unauthorized entry. ( )
50. Refrigerant evaporates in the low side and condenses in the high side. ( )
51. The primary circuit of the ignition circuit includes all of the components and wiring operating on high voltage. ( )
52. The ignition coil changes battery voltage to high ignition voltage. ( )
53. Current is the electrical force, or “pressure”, that causes current to flow in a circuit. ( )
54. A parallel circuit has more than one path for current flow. ( )
55. Charging system tests are performed in two ways—by using a load tester or by using a volt-ohm millimeter. ( )
56. The air conditioning systems are expansion valve or orifice tube type systems. ( )
57. The Driver Drowsiness Detection system is a convenience feature of the front view camera that issues a warning to the driver when a potential collision risk exists. ( )
58. The Surround Vision cameras have not blind spots. ( )
59. In all distributorless ignition systems, the distributor controls when the spark plugs fire and ignite the fuel/air mixture in the cylinders. ( )
60. The cause of a starting problem may be electrical or mechanical. ( )
三、词汇翻译
1. air bag
2. body control module
3. brake caliper
4. chassis
5. configuration
6. electric vehicle
7. engine
8. exhaust gas recirculation
9. expansion valve
10. fuel tank
11. ignition coil
12. internal combustion engine
13. oil filter
14. oil pan
15. piston
16. power seat
17. radiator
18. serial data
19. spark plug
20. starter
21. steering gear
22. steering wheel
23. stroke
24. suspension
25. thermostat
26. top dead center
27. torque converter
28. vehicle
29. voltage
30. water pump
四、句子翻译
1. Steering and braking systems provide control over direction and speed.
2. This reciprocating movement of the piston is transformed by the connecting rod and crankshaft into rotary motion that drives the vehicle.
3. Since both valves are closed, the upward movement of the piston compresses the air-fuel mixture, creating highly pressurized fuel vapor.
4. The lubricating system consists of an oil pan where the supply of oil is stored, an oil pump for creation of the pressure needed to force the oil throughout the system, and an oil filter for removing foreign material from the oil.
5. In the cooling system, the radiator is a heat exchanger that removes the heat from the coolant passing through it.
6. The ECU controls the fuel/air mixture and other fuel system operations based on inputs from a mass air flow meter, a throttle position sensor, and an oxygen sensor.
7. An indirect injection system sprays fuel into the engine intake manifold. Most gasoline injection systems are of this type. Direct injection forces fuel into the engine combustion chambers.
8. Oxides of nitrogen (NOx) are formed when nitrogen and oxygen in the intake air combine when subjected to high temperatures of combustion.
9. The clutch is located between the back of the engine and the front of the transmission. The clutch is the first drive train component powered by the engine crankshaft. The clutch lets the driver control power flow between the engine and the transmission or transaxle.
10. Engine power goes through the impeller, through the turbine and input shaft, and into the planetary gears.
11. When operating a vehicle to verify a complaint, keep in mind that other components could be at fault.
12. The differential allows for different speeds at the drive wheels when a vehicle goes around a corner or any time there is a change of direction.
13. On the other hand, this type of suspension tends to be complicated structure, high cost and heavy weight as disadvantage.
14. Its function is to reduce vehicle speed and to stop the car as the driver intends, and to secure the car when parked.
15. The charging system converts mechanical energy into electrical energy when the engine is running.
16. The secondary circuit of the ignition circuit is the high voltage section. It consists of the wire and components between the coil output and the spark plug ground.
17. After flowing through the receiver/drier, which removes moisture and contaminants, the refrigerant enters the expansion valve.
18. Security systems are designed to protect the vehicle in case of theft or unauthorized entry.
19. Resistance opposes current flow. It is like electrical "friction." This resistance slows the flow of current. Every electrical component or circuit has resistance.
20. The direction in which the steering wheel is turned forces the fluid into one side of the piston or the other. This causes the piston to move the rack in that direction, which moves the tie rods and the wheels accordingly.
五、识图题
1.
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1——（ ） 2——（ ） 3——（ ） 4——（ ） 5——（ ） 6——（ ） 7——（ ） 8——（ ） A. Spark plug B. Connecting rod C. Crankshaft D. Piston E. Intake manifold F. Exhaust valve G. Intake valve H. Combustion chamber |
2.
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1——（ ） 2——（ ） 3——（ ） 4——（ ） 5——（ ） 6——（ ） 7——（ ） A. Fuel tank B. Fuel line C. Engine control unit D. Air cleaner E. Fuel filter F. Fuel injection system G. Fuel pump |
3.
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1——（ ） 2——（ ） 3——（ ） A. Crankcase B. Engine block C. Cylinder head
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4.
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1——（ ） 2——（ ） 3——（ ） 4——（ ） 5——（ ） A. Differential B. U-joints C. Driving axles D. Drive shaft E. Transmission |
5.
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1——（ ） 2——（ ） 3——（ ） 4——（ ） 5——（ ） A. Transmission B. CV joints C. Axle D. Differential E. Engine |
6.
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1——（ ） 2——（ ） 3——（ ） 4——（ ） 5——（ ） 6——（ ） A. Hub B. Piston C. Brake line D. Caliper E. Rotor F. Brake pads |
7.
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1——（ ） 2——（ ） 3——（ ） 4——（ ） 5——（ ） 6——（ ） A. Alternator B. Ignition switch C. Ground D. Starter solenoid E. Battery F. Starter |
8.
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1——（ ） 2——（ ） 3——（ ） 4——（ ） 5——（ ） 6——（ ） 7——（ ） 8——（ ） A. Camshaft sensor B. Detonation sensor C. Crankshaft sensor D. Piston E. Spark plug F. Valve G. Sensor inputs H. Ignition control module |
9.
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1——（ ） 2——（ ） 3——（ ） 4——（ ） A. Air bag B. Inflator C. Crash sensor D. Nitrogen gas |
复习题参考答案
一、单选题
1.A 2.B 3.C 4.D 5.D 6.C 7.D 8.D 9.C 10.A
11.A 12.A 13.A 14.C 15.B 16.D 17.A 18.D 19.B 20.D
21.D 22.B 23.B 24.C 25.A 26.C 27.C 28.A 29.B 30.D
31.D 32.D 33.D 34.C 35.C 36.A 37.D 38.D 39.A 40.C
41.D 42.A 43.D 44.C 45.D 46.D 47.C 48.A 49.C 50.A
51.B 52.C 53.D 54.B 55.B 56.D 57.A 58.C 59.D 60.C
二、判断题
1.√ 2.× 3.√ 4.√ 5.× 6.√ 7.× 8.√ 9.× 10.√
11.× 12.√ 13.√ 14.× 15.× 16.√ 17.√ 18.√ 19.× 20.×
21.√ 22.× 23.× 24.√ 25.× 26.√ 27.√ 28.× 29.√ 30.√
31.√ 32.× 33.√ 34.√ 35.√ 36.× 37.√ 38.× 39.√ 40.√
41.√ 42.√ 43.× 44.× 45.√ 46.× 47.× 48.× 49.√ 50.√
51.× 52.√ 53.× 54.√ 55.√ 56.√ 57.× 58.× 59.× 60.√
三、词汇翻译
1.安全气囊 2.车身控制模块 3.制动卡钳 4.底盘 5.配置
6.电动汽车 7.发动机 8.废气再循环 9.膨胀阀 10.燃油箱
11.点火线圈 12.内燃机 13.机油滤清器 14.油底壳 15.活塞
16.电动座椅 17.散热器 18.串行数据 19.火花塞 20.起动机
21.转向器 22.方向盘 23.冲程 24.悬架 25.节温器
26.上止点 27.变矩器 28.车辆 29.电压 30.水泵
四、句子翻译
1.转向和制动系统用于控制车辆的方向和速度。
2.活塞的往复运动由连杆和曲轴转换为驱动车辆的旋转运动。
3.由于两个气门都关闭，所以活塞的向上运动会压缩空气燃油混合物，形成压力极高的燃油蒸汽。
4.润滑系统由存放供油的油底壳、产生整个系统内压送机油所需压力的机油泵以及除去机油中异物的机油滤清器组成。
5.在冷却系统中，散热器是一个热交换器，在冷却液流过散热器时，它会吸收冷却液中的热量。
6.ECU 根据来自质量空气流量传感器、节气门位置传感器和氧传感器的输入控制燃油/空气混合和其他燃油系统操作。
7.间接喷射系统将燃油喷入发动机进气歧管。大多数汽油喷射系统都属于这种类型。直接喷射系统将燃油喷入到发动机燃烧室中。
8.当燃烧温度高时，氮和进气中的氧结合就会形成氮氧化物 (NOx)。
9.离合器位于发动机后部和变速器前部之间。离合器是第一个传动系统部件，它由发动机曲轴驱动。离合器允许驾驶员控制发动机和变速器或变速驱动桥之间的动力流动。
10.发动机动力先后经过泵轮、涡轮和输入轴，然后进入行星齿轮。
11.当操作车辆确认客户投诉的问题时，请牢记其他部件可能存在故障。
12.差速器允许在车辆转弯或任何时候出现方向变化时驱动轮之间出现转速差。
13.在另一方面，这种悬架有结构复杂、成本高和重量大等缺点。
14.其功能是根据驾驶员的意愿让车辆减速和停车，以及在驻车时固定住车辆。
15.在发动机运转时，充电系统将机械能转换为电能。
16.点火电路的次级电路是高压部分。它包含线圈输出和火花塞搭铁（接地）之间的导线和部件。
17.流经储液干燥器并除去其中的水分和污染物后，制冷剂进入膨胀阀。
18.防盗系统设计用于在发生盗窃或非法进入车辆的情况下保护车辆。
19.电阻阻止电流流动。它就像电气“摩擦力”。该阻力减缓电流的流动速度。所有电气部件或电路都有电阻。
20.方向盘转动的方向会迫使油液进入活塞的一侧或另一侧。这会导致活塞沿着该方向移动齿条，齿条相应地移动横拉杆和车轮。
五、识图题
1. 1-A; 2-F; 3-D; 4-B; 5-C; 6-E; 7-G; 8-H
2. 1-G; 2-A; 3-B; 4-C; 5-F; 6-D; 7-E
3. 1-C; 2-B; 3-A
4. 1-E; 2-D; 3-A; 4-B; 5-C
5. 1-E; 2-A; 3-B; 4-C; 5-D
6. 1-D; 2-A; 3-B; 4-C; 5-F; 6-E
7. 1-E; 2-A; 3-B; 4-F; 5-C; 6-D
8. 1-E; 2-F; 3-D; 4-C; 5-A; 6-B; 7-G; 8-H
9. 1-B; 2-A; 3-C; 4-D